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You can do that just fine. You can order a minimum of five PCBs and choose to have only two assembled. Then you'll get three unpopulated PCBs and two assembled ones. That's a way to get finished PCBs very cheaply.

Be aware that every component that you use that is not in their basic and preferred extended parts library incurs a one-time three-dollar fee. This hurts disproportionately if your entire design is low count and low cost. So if you always go for the latest and greatest ICs as advertised by TI, instead of the Chinese jellybean clone, you'll add up hidden fees quickly. However, when I choose components, I start out on their basic parts page and only go for a non-basic part if it's not there and I really need it.


Or just order the parts with their sister company LCSC and assemble yourself. It's not that hard especially if you have a hot air gun!

Fair enough, http is enough - I anyways have one caddy to rule them all. However, if your app is picky about reverse proxying, e.g. headers, please add a sample caddy config. It's often the first thing I'm looking for if I'm trying out a tool and want to host it under a subdirectory before configuring a subdomain.


No, HTTP is not enough, I submitted a couple HTTP-only links to HN lately, they got flagged within half an hour, even HN crowd can not open HTTP links anymore ;-)


That's not really HN's fault but all modern browsers will warn the user before accessing an http site with a security warning.

My point was not to use http only as a finished solution, but to let the admin front the http-only service with their TLS termination solution of choice.


We are talking about hobbyists here.


... Of which (TLS terminators) caddy is IMO the easiest for hobbyists, as was the starting point of this subthread


I already commented on this twice here, but here it goes again:

I self-host Immich with Caddy as TLS terminator, and it's far from obvious.

They all run on a small N150 PC in my closet, the same PC serves as my internet router. Both Immich and Caddy run in podman-compose, and there are firewall rules that allow incoming traffic to Caddy and outgoing traffic from Caddy to update certificates. There's also a tricky setup of Systemd dependencies that make sure podman networking and firewall rules play nicely together and with other system config, like the bridge for the 2.4Gz range internal Wi-Fi and for external 5Gz Wi-Fi 6 card.

If not for the LLM help, I would have spent many days figuring out all the rough edges of this setup.

Which is exactly the point OP is making. Hobbying webhosting is hard nowadays.


As a one-person-scale selfhoster that has wrangled Apache and nginx before, I'm also saying go for caddy straight away.


As a native German speaker, I have also referred to a chatbot in English as "he", and similar to you, a native English speaker, felt jarred by it. It was definitely not out of any personification or humanization though. In German, I would say it is "der Chatbot" (from "der Roboter"), which in German is a male noun so I would refer to it as "er" (the male pronoun) - which in my head I autotranslated to "he". Most of the time, though, I think of it (and refer to it) as an LLM, which is "das Sprachmodell" (neutrum), so I automatically translate it to "it".

So that's another, maybe more harmless reason for it.


"Der Computer" is also masculine, so you have probably been calling your computer "he" for decades. Languages with gendered nouns don't quite have the same he/she/it distinction.


how does that matter if its he, 'she' till its doing the work. Its artificial, shouldnt try to find means of attachment to it


I mean, both in English and in german, that's how you would talk to a dog. "Er hat in die Ecke gepinkelt"/"He peed in the corner" (or "she", if it's a female dog).

I don't know what is jarring talking about the chatbot like that.

It may be creepier if you said "she wrote that program for me" as you now assign a specific gender to the chatbot.


It's how you'd talk about a dog that you know the sex of, but if you didn't know you'd probably use "it". An LLM doesn't have a sex or gender, so I think the natural way to refer to them is "it".


in English, maybe. In German, not really. "Der Bot", "der Robot", "der Computer".


Also, "Es hat in die Ecke gepinkelt". Which pronoun you use is just as dependent on the context as in english.


I have not met a single German that has ever uttered this sentence. (Relating to a dog, that is)


Neither have I, but mostly because either the person knows the gender of the animal or the situation just never came up. The closest that I would say is "Es scheißt gerne aufs Auto" when talking about pidgens (die Taube), but even then you generally talk about multiple, resulting in "Sie scheißen gerne aufs Auto"


Really ? "Es kackt auf's Auto" ? I guess, it might make sense when the person speaking has no specific bird on mind, but only thinks of "das Tier" (the animal). One could also say "er hat .. geckack (der Vogel)", but usually, people wouldn't say "er/sie/es", but use the fully specified noun ("die Taube ... hat..", "der Vogel ht ...", "ein Tier hat ...")

"Es kackt auf's Auto" feels slightly weird to me, if I didn't know whodunnit, I'd probably say something like "irgendwer hat mir aufs Auto gekackt" ("someone pooped on the car"), although there is a also "irgendwas hat mir aufs Auto gekackt" ("something pooped on the car"). My guess is the majority of German would choose the first sentence and anthropomorphize, but maybe I'm projecting.

It's an interesting question, after all. Thanks for bringing it up, haven't talked about pooping on cars for a while ;)


However, "die AI", "Kuenstliche Intelligenz".


Andrew Zonenberg posted a Twitter thread a year or two ago where he fixed a missing PCB trace some layers down a PCB, with a stereo microscope, precision mill and very steady hands.

Edit: here's the thread. It's a 6 layer PCB with a short on L5 that needs to be fixed from the L1 side.

https://xcancel.com/azonenberg/status/1468825231225540611#m


Holy cow! I've been pushing around a TQFP48 tonight and thought I was pretty good.


If you enjoy that sort of thing, check out this guy's videos. Lots of trace repairs (including below the surface), pad replacements, etc. Quite impressive to see it done.

https://www.youtube.com/@northwestrepair


10/10 read


I don't know if their math is incorrect, but your intuition of the limit case is - downhill slope is the ratio of height change per length. A perpendicular angle thus has "infinite percent" slope (since the denominator, length, is zero), which intuitively matches an infinite landing distance.


It _does_ open up amazing opportunities for compression though.


I always understood this requirement as "garage will run fine on hardware with 1GB RAM total" - meaning the 1GB includes the RAM used by the OS and other processes. I think that most current consumer hardware that is a, potential garage host, even on the low end, has at least 1GB total RAM.


I keep wanting to get into Kicad, and the learning curve did become easier in the last years. But what I _want_ is to get a usable board into my hands, not just create a beautiful layout file. Historically, my pain points were were footprints, parts sourcing and SMT soldering. From a hobbyist-with-limited-time perspective, EasyEDA and the integrated JLCPCB assembly flow solved all these problems good enough that the hurdle to figure out how to do it with KiCAD was always higher. The minute I find a similar level of convenience in KiCAD + plugins, I'll gladly ditch being tied to online.


Immich manages to detect my kids faces much better than expected. I only have two years, but it is spot on with kid #1 from newborn to 2yo, and it manages to not mix up the new baby photos of #2 with the baby photos of #1. In my 44k photos there are zero statues face detected, the only flukes are a few photos from a restaurant with a celebrity picture wall.


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