> It will happily shift up 2 seconds before I hit the brakes because
> it has no idea I'm planning to take a left turn in 20 meters.
Purely hypothetically, a car could be fitted with an operator control to convey that sort of intent. It could be something the driver could operate without taking their hands off the wheel — perhaps a stick on the left of the steering column?
You already have one of those. If you are driving a 4-speed automatic, you can see that you are in 3rd and sense that it might be about to upshift and a turn is coming up, you can whip it from D to 3 to hold it in 3rd for the duration.