Religion will have absolutely no problem to adapt to new information and incorporate it as though it had always been there. This has happened time and again in the past to the point where the religions of old would have been in direct contradiction with even the most basic scientific knowledge if they didn't adapt. The funny thing is that the so-called holy books are full of stuff that no sane human would believe in. That doesn't stop a lot of people from doing just that when those books are creatively re-interpreted by intermediaries.
Religion will last for a very long time into the future, forget about major lasting change on that front other than some rearguard action to ensure survival.
I highly doubt that. If the genetics, the silicon revolution, access to space imagery, quality education, the internet and science in general did not alter faith in a drastic way I don't think 'life on Mars' is going to do anything either unless it comes in the form of little green creatures.
Yup. It's like how many religious people differentiate between "evolution" and "microevolution," with the latter (basically) encompassing whatever evolution happens to have been experimentally witnessed, no matter how drastic. Generally anything involving bacteria gets lumped into this latter category.
Until the 1970's or so it was getting better, since then it's gotten worse if anything.
On the Christian side we have whole continents that are following some cliff notes' version of Christianity, mostly centered around money and some opportunistic politics. On the Islamic side a small group of fanatics has managed to divide the world in a way that seemed unthinkable 25 years ago and so on.
Religion will last for a very long time into the future, forget about major lasting change on that front other than some rearguard action to ensure survival.