There are non-stimulant treatments, but they're not as effective. The increase in dopamine is what helps the ADHD brain work more closely to "normal", and stimulants are great at releasing dopamine.
That said, stimulants at doses that affect ADHD don't necessarily to come with other physical side effects.
I take a non-stimulant ADHD medication named atomoxetine (marketed as Strattera) and I’ve found that it’s been life changing.
With untreated ADHD, I was not aware of my attention issues and had trouble understanding the way my mind and the world around me worked, even though I could have fantastic focus and attention to detail when excited about things.
With atomoxetine, I feel that my attention still drifts, but I am able to notice it and respond to it without stress and turmoil. I get distracted often, but it’s actually EASY to just put myself back on task. It still sucks to get distracted, of course :-)
For me personally, it’s been fantastic. I have basically no negative side effects and no physical dependence (if I were to stop taking it, I would miss the benefits, but there would be no extra downsides.) It’s significantly less invasive than stimulants in that way.
A psychiatrist is always the right person to make the call, of course!
That said, stimulants at doses that affect ADHD don't necessarily to come with other physical side effects.