You are right in the sense that if you look at average SWE salaries and data engineering salaries, the average salary is higher for data engineers. Because the starting salaries for data engineers tend to be higher because of all the skills that are needed and there's plenty of SWE positions that require more than just a degree in CS. But if you start comparing salaries at maybe a senior level (4-5 yoe+), the salaries for SWEs start becoming a lot more than DEs. And again, I've worked in different companies, big and small, this holds true for all companies that have "Data Engineer" titles. There's of course companies like Netflix where you are a data engineer but still get a SWE title and get paid the same.

experienced data engineers should graduate to data architects/ML engineers and this way they can get on par with SWE, pls correct me if I am wrong.

You're right, but most companies do not have those positions formalized and therefore you're expected to do those as part of your job, but not gain the financial benefits. Also, there is a big disparity in these titles and what the duties entail, which inherently again feeds into the problem.

> You're right, but most companies do not have those positions formalized and therefore you're expected

To move on to somewhere that does, until the laggards get the message.