Including inner city drug gangs. The kingpins basically just hand out a franchise "package" to a corner, selling the equipment and method, training and often even fashion statements.
Can you please cite a reference for this concept? I'm interested in learning more and I'd like to read some verified information about how they operate
The TED tak “ The freakonomics of crack dealing” might interest you.
> What I'm going to tell you today is that, in fact, based on 10 years of research, a unique opportunity to go inside a gang -- to see the actual books, the financial records of the gang -- that the answer turns out not to be that being in the gang was a glamorous life. But I think, more realistically, that being in a gang -- selling drugs for a gang -- is perhaps the worst job in all of America. And that's what I'd like to convince you of today.