I am curious to see how this works in practice. When I went to their Turnstile sign-up page [0], that is itself protected, I had no problems passing the test despite a slew of privacy-focused features enabled in my browser.
The captcha on this page takes a few seconds then says "Failure", with no message, then restarts itself, when using Tor Browser on the Safer mode.
edit: Was able to get a mix of a few successes and a few failures upon multiple browser restarts. Maybe I was lucky to avoid a discriminated exit node? I'm not sure if IP address is a factor here.
Interestingly, although my Firefox ESR passed the test, that page immediately made my laptop's fan spin up (normally only does that on media-heavy pages) - possibly thr "proof of work" test they mention in the article?
[0] https://dash.cloudflare.com/sign-up?to=/:account/turnstile