Note that in kubernetes, setting `allowPrivilegeEscalation` to false (which you should be doing already, it's in the Pod Security Standards Restricted profile) mitigates this.
allowPrivilegeEscalation is unrelated to user namespaces. Many vendors do not yet have kernel patches available, but yes that'll eventually be the proper fix.
It's equivalent to setting no_new_privs on the container process, so it'd mean you have to grant a privelege to the container process if you want any children to have access to it. It sure sounds funny in a CVE context, though.